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| death_place = Montgomery, Alabama, U.S. | resting_place = Greenwood Cemetery, Montgomery, Alabama | party = Democratic | otherparty = American Independent (1968) | spouse = ; her death ; divorced ; divorced | children = George Wallace, Jr. Bobbi Jo Wallace-Parson Peggy Sue Wallace-Kennedy Janie Lee Wallace-Dye | alma_mater = University of Alabama | profession = Lawyer, soldier (ex) | religion = Methodism | signature = George Wallace Signature.svg | allegiance = | branch = 20px United States Army Air Corps | serviceyears = 1942–1945 | battles = World War II | rank = Staff Sergeant }} George Corley Wallace, Jr. (August 25, 1919 – September 13, 1998) was an American politician and the 45th Governor of Alabama, having served two nonconsecutive terms and two consecutive terms as a Democrat: 1963–1967, 1971–1979 and 1983–1987. Wallace has the third longest gubernatorial tenure in post-Constitutional U.S. history, at 16 years and four days. He was a U.S. Presidential candidate for four consecutive elections, in which he sought the Democratic Party nomination in 1964, 1972, and 1976, and was the American Independent Party candidate in the 1968 presidential election in which he remains the last third party candidate to receive a state's electoral college votes. A 1972 assassination attempt left Wallace paralyzed, and he used a wheelchair for the remainder of his life. He is remembered for his Southern populist〔, New America Foundation〕 and segregationist attitudes during the mid-20th century period of the African-American civil rights movement and activism, which gained passage of federal civil rights legislation in the mid-1960s to enforce constitutional rights for all citizens. He eventually renounced segregationism but remained a populist.〔Edwards, George C., ''Government in America: people, politics, and policy''(2009), Pearson Education, 80.〕 ==Early life== Wallace, the first of four children, was born in Clio in Barbour County in southeastern Alabama, to George Corley Wallace, Sr., and his wife, Mozelle (Smith). He was the third of five generations to bear the name "George Wallace." Since his parents disliked the designation "Junior", he was called "George C." to distinguish him from his father, George, and his grandfather, a physician.〔Carter (1995), p. 21.〕 Wallace's father left college to pursue a life of farming when food prices were high during World War I; when he died in 1937, his wife had to sell their farmland to pay existing mortgages.〔Carter (1995), p. 41.〕 Like his parents, George Wallace was a Methodist.〔Carter (1995), p. 137〕 From age ten, Wallace was fascinated with politics. In 1935, he won a contest to serve as a page in the Alabama Senate and confidently predicted that he would one day be governor.〔Carter (1995), pp. 30-31.〕 Wallace became a regionally successful boxer in high school, then went directly to law school in 1937 at the University of Alabama School of Law in Tuscaloosa.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Alabama Governor George Wallace, gubernatorial history )〕 He was a member of the Delta Chi Fraternity. It was at the University of Alabama that he crossed paths with Frank M. Johnson Jr., who was a much more liberal politician in relation to social issues and issues of race.〔Bass, Jack. ''Taming the Storm: The Life and Times of Frank M. Jonson Jr., and the South’s Fight over Civil Rights'' (Doubleday, New York, 1993).〕 Wallace also knew George Sparks, who became a conservative governor. These men had an effect on his personal politics reflecting ideologies of both leaders later during his time in office. After receiving an LL.B. degree in 1942, he entered pilot cadet training in the United States Army Air Corps. He failed to complete the course, however, and as a staff sergeant flew B-29 combat missions over Japan in 1945.〔Lesher (1994) pp 47-61〕 He served with the XX Bomber Command under General Curtis LeMay, who would be his running mate in the 1968 presidential race. Wallace nearly died of spinal meningitis while serving in the Army, but prompt medical attention with sulfa drugs saved his life. Left with partial hearing loss and permanent nerve damage, Wallace was medically discharged early with a disability pension. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「George Wallace」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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